FAR Part 1
| 1. A ceiling is defined as the height above the earth’s surface of the lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena that is reported as “broken”, “overcast”, or “obscured” and not classified as: scattered thin or partial partially scattered a surface-based obscuration |
3. With respect to the operation of an aircraft on a VFR flight plan, flight above an overcast is known as: VFR VFR-on-top IFR-on-top VFR over-the-top |
| 2. From the cockpit of an aircraft in flight, the average forward horizontal distance at which prominent unlighted objects may be seen and identified by day and prominent lighted objects may be seen and identified at night is the definition of . | 4. “Night” is defined as the time from:sunset to sunrise one hour before sunset to one hour before sunrise. one-half hour after sunset to one-half hour after sunrise. evening civil twilight to the beginning of morning civil twilight as published in the American Air Almanac, converted to local time. |
FAR Part 61
| 1. (61.3) Under what condition must the pilot in command of a civil aircraft have at least an instrument rating?When operating above a solid overcast When operating in the continental control area For a flight in VFR conditions while on an IFR flight plan For any flight above 1,200 feet agl when the visibility is less than 3 miles |
6. (61.53)You may not act as pilot in command of an aircraft while you have a known medical deficiency or an increase of a deficiency that would make you unable to meet the requirements of you current medical certificate. |
| 2. (61.3) As pilot in command of a civil aircraft, you must have an instrument rating when you are operating an aircraft:by reference to the flight instruments in controlled airspace. below FL 180 while simulating flight in instrument conditions. solely by reference to the flight instruments, regardless of the weather conditions. under instrument flight rules, or in weather conditions less than the minimum for VFR flight. |
7. (61.57) If your required recent IFR experience lapses, how much time do you have to reestablish your currency before you must pas an instrument competency check in order to act as pilot in command under IFR?90 days 6 calendar months 12 calendar months 24 calendar months |
| 3. (61.5)The term “single-engine land” refers to an airplane class rating. | 8. (61.57) To be current for IFR, the minimum instrument time required within the last six calendar months ishours, at least hours of which must be in the category of aircraft to be flown. |
| 4. (61.51) When you enter the condition of flight time in your logbook as “simulated instrument conditions”, what additional information must you also enter?The number and type of instrument approaches completed, along with the route of flight. The place and type of each instrument approach completed and the name of you safety pilot. The name and pilot certificate number of your safety pilot and the type of approaches completed. Number, type, and place of the instrument approaches completed, and the name and pilot certificate number of your flight instructor. |
9. (61.129) As a commercial pilot, what limitations are imposed on you if you do not have an instrument rating?You are limited to private pilot privileges at night. You may only carry passengers or property for hire on cross-country night flights within 50 nautical miles. The carrying of passengers for hire on cross-country flights is limited to 50 nautical miles for night flights, but is not limited for day flights. You may only carry passengers for hire on cross-country flights limited to 50 nautical miles, and you may not carry passengers for hire at night. |
| 5. (61.51) For operations conducted on an instrument flight plan, you may enter in your logbook as actual instrument time only the time:from liftoff to touchdown. you were flying in IFR weather conditions. that the aircraft was not controlled by reference to the ground. you controlled the aircraft solely by reference to the flight instruments. |
10. (61.129) A certificated commercial pilot who carries passengers for hire on a local flight at nightrequired to have an instrument rating. |
FAR Part 91
| 1. Who is responsible for determining that the altimeter system and other required inspections have been completed and that they meet the FAR requirements for a particular instrument flight?Owner Operator Pilot in command An FAA-certificated mechanic |
2. If your aircraft develops a condition in flight which makes it unairworthy, you are required to. |
| 3. You may not act as pilot in command or as a required pilot flight crewmember within how many hours after you have consumed any alcoholic beverage?8 16 24 48 | 4. You may not act as pilot in command or as a required pilot flight crewmember if your blood alcohol level, by weight, is % or more. |
| 5. Before beginning a VFR flight, you must become familiar with all available information concerning that flight. For an IFR flight, what additional items must you accomplish?Familiarize yourself with all of the instrument approaches at your destination airport. List an alternate airport and compute the takeoff and landing distances at your intended destination. List an alternate airport on your flight plan and familiarize yourself with the instrument approaches to that airport. Alternatives available if the planned flight cannot be completed. |
6.Upon entering VFR conditions while on an IFR flight plan, ATC is still responsible for your separation for other air traffic. |
| 7. On an IFR flight plan, when are you required to see and avoid other aircraft?Only when you are advised by ATC At all times when you are not in radar contact with ATC When weather conditions permit, regardless of whether you are operating under IFR or VFR. During takeoff and landing and until established on airways, if you are not in radar contact with ATC. |
8. Which aircraft has the right-of-way over all other air traffic?Glider Balloon Aircraft in distress Aircraft on final approach |
| 9. When you are at or above FL 180 in U.S. airspace, you are required to set your altimeter to in. Hg. | 10. If you are departing from an airport where you cannot obtain an altimeter setting, you should set your altimeter to :zero 29.92 in. Hg. the airport elevation the current airport barometric pressure, if known. |
| 11. While on an IFR flight, you have an emergency that causes you to deviate from an ATC clearance. According to regulations, what action must you take?Squawk 7700 Notify ATC of the deviation as soon as possible. Request an amended clearance or cancel your IFR flight plan. Submit a detailed report of the deviation to the chief of the ATC facility within 48 hours. |
12. If you have canceled your IFR flight plan 10 miles from your controlled airport destination, when are you required to establish communications with the control tower?When advised by ARTCC Immediately after you cancel your flight plan Anytime prior to entering Class D airspace At least five miles from the center of the airport |
| 13. You may not operate an aircraft within Class C airspace unless:the aircraft is equipped with a VOR receiver. you posses at least a private pilot certificate. the aircraft has a basic 4096-code transponder. you establish and maintain two-way radio communications with ATC. |
14.For IFR operation in Class B airspace, what equipment is required in addition to a VOR receiver and two-way radio communications?Standby VOR, communications receiver, and DME An operable transponder with Mode C capability Standby communications receiver, DME, and a transponder Another VOR, communications receiver, and a transponder |
| 15.In Class B airspace, a 4096-code transponder with automatic altitude reporting equipment is not required. | 16. Regulations require an instrument rating for flight in VFR weather conditions when you are flying:into an ADIZ in Class B airspace in Class A airspace through military operations areas |
| 17. VFR-on-top operations are prohibited in :Class D airspace In Class B airspace all controlled airspace in Class A airspace |
18. An IFR clearance is required during VFR weather conditions when you are:practicing instrument approaches operating in Class A airspace operating in Class E airspace above 14,500′ operating in an ADIZ |
| 19. What minimum flight visibility and distance from clouds is required during a VFR-on-top flight at 12,500 feet MSL (more than 1,200′ AGL) in controlled airspace?5 miles visibility and 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, and 500′ below any clouds 5 miles visibility and 1 mile from, 1,000′ above, and 1,000′ below any clouds 3 miles visibility and 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, and 500′ below any clouds 3 miles visibility and 1 mile from, 1,000′ above, and 1,000′ below any clouds |
20. What is the minimum flight visibility and distance from clouds required for you to operate under VFR in controlled airspace at less than 1,200′ AGL?3 miles visibility and clear of clouds 1 mile flight visibility and clear of clouds 1 mile visibility and 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, 1,000′ below clouds 3 miles visibility and 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, 500′ below clouds |
| 21. What is the minimum flight visibility and distance from clouds required for a special VFR clearance?1 mile flight visibility and clear of clouds 3 miles flight visibility and clear of clouds 1 mile flight visibility, 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, and 1,000′ below clouds 3 miles visibility, 2,000′ from, 1,000′ above, and 1,000′ below clouds. |
22. When you are flying with a VFR-on-top clearance, your cruising altitude is based on:true course true heading magnetic course magnetic heading |
| 23. Below 18,000′ MSL, what cruising altitude would be appropriate for a westbound VFR-on-top flight?Odd thousand-foot altitudes Even thousand-foot altitudes Odd thousand-foot altitudes plus 500 feet, but not one below the MEA Even thousand-foot altitudes plus 500′, but not one below the MEA |
24. An alternate airport is not required for an IFR flight if a ceiling of at least 2,000′ and a visibility of 3 miles is forecast for the destination airport at your plus or minus hour(s). |
| 25. Assume you are on a flight in IFR conditions and the airport where you intend to land is forecast at your ETA to have a 1,500′ ceiling and 3 miles visibility. The minimum fuel required in this situation is enough to fly to your destination and then fly:for another 45 minutes at normal cruise speed.thereafter for 30 minutes at normal cruise speed. to your alternate airport, and thereafter for 30 minutes at normal cruise speed. to your alternate airport, and thereafter for 45 minutes at normal cruise speed. |
ATL FT AMD 1 161615 1630Z C20 BKN 6RW – VRBL 20 SCT C40 BKN OCNL 4RW – 3315. 18Z 40 SCT C100 BKN 3110 OCNL C20 BKN 6RW – CHC C10 OVC 3TRW 3310G20 AFT 21Z. 09Z MVFR CIG R.The terminal forecast for your arrival (ETA 1730Z) at Atlanta Hartsfield International Airport indicates that an alternate airport is not required on your IFR flight plan. |
| 27. Assume an airport with a precision approach procedure has standard alternate minimums. To qualify as an alternate airport, the minimum forecast conditions at your ETA must be no lower than a ceiling of feet and visibility of miles. | 28. If an airport with a nonprecision approach has standard alternate alternate minimums, the forecast conditions at your ETA must indicate a ceiling of at least feet and visibility of miles. |
| 29. For an airport without approved instrument approach procedures to qualify as an alternate, the minimum ceiling and visibility forecast for your ETA must:be at least 2,000 feet and 3 miles allow descent from the MEA, approach, and landing under basic VFR. be at least 2,000′ and 3 miles from 2 hours before until 2 hours after your ETA. be at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle and 3 miles from 2 hours before until 2 hours after your ETA. |
30.For use in IFR conditions, VOR equipment must be operationally checked every . |
| 31. What type of entry must be made in the aircraft logbook or other permanent record by a pilot who has made a VOR operational check?The date, place, bearing error, and signature The date, place, satisfactory or unsatisfactory check, and signature The date, frequency used, and bearing reading of VOR or VOT, along with the tach reading and signature. The date, frequency of VOR or VOT, number of flight hours since the last operational check, and signature. |
32. If you are making an airborne VOR operational check, what is the maximum allowable tolerance between the two indicators of a dual VOR system?4 degrees between the indicated bearings to a VOR 6 degrees between the indicated bearings to a VOR plus or minus 4 degrees when set to identical radials of a VOR plus or minus 6 degrees when set to identical radials of a VOR |
| 33. If you are flying directly over an airborne VOR checkpoint, what is the maximum tolerance for the VOR indication when the CDI is centered?Within 4 degrees of the designated radial with a TO indication Within a 6 degrees of the designated radial with a TO indication Plus or minus 4 degrees of the designated radial with a FROM indication Plus or minus 6 degrees of the designated radials |
34. If you are departing an airport located outside of controlled airspace during IFR conditions, you must file an IFR flight plan and receive a clearance before entering. |
| 35. Filing an IFR flight plan is required before you enter which types of airspace?Any airspace where the visibility is less than one mile. Class E airspace with IFR weather conditions and Class A airspace. Any airspace above 700 feet AGL, if the visibility is less than one mile. In class A through E airspace areas, and all other airspace, if the visibility is less than one mile. |
36. If, during an ILS approach in IFR conditions, the approach lights are not visible upon your arrival at the DH, you are required to execute a missed approach unless you have at least of the other required visual cues in sight. |
| 37. When no other minimum altitude is prescribed, the minimum IFR altitude over the highest obstacle in designated mountainous areas is feet. | 38. The pilot in command of an aircraft on an IFR flight plan in controlled airspace is required to report:entering VFR conditions changing heading onto a new airway any unforecast weather conditions encountered. passing designated checkpoints while under radar control. |
| 39. Assume you enter a holding pattern at a fix that is not the same as the approach fix and receive an EFC time of 1530. If you experience complete two-way failure at 1520, what procedure should you follow to execute the approach to a landing?Depart the holding fix at the EFC time and complete the approach. Depart the holding fix at the EFC time, or earlier, if your flight planned ETA is before the EFC. Depart the holding fix to arrive at the approach fix at the EFC and complete the approach. Depart the holding fix to arrive about two minutes ahead of the EFC, enter a holding pattern at the final fix, and adjust the pattern to leave the fix inbound at the EFC. |
40. What altitude and route should you use if you are flying in IFR weather conditions and have two-way radio communications failure?Fly the most direct route to your destination, maintaining the highest of last assigned altitude or MEA. Descend to the MEA, and, if clear of clouds, proceed to the nearest appropriate airport. If not clear of clouds, maintain the highest of the MEAs along the clearance route. Fly direct to an area that has been forecast to have VFR conditions. Fly at an altitude that is at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacles along the route. Continue on the route specified in your clearance. Fly an altitude that is the highest of: the last assigned altitude, the altitude ATC has informed you to expect, or the MEA. |
| 41. Assume your aircraft is equipped with two VOR receivers, the No. 1 receiver has VOR/LOV/GS capability, and the No. 2 receiver has only VOR. What action, if any, should you take if you No. 1 VOR receiver malfunctions while you are operating in controlled airspace under IFR?Report the malfunction immediately to ATC. Continue the flight as cleared; no report is required. Continue the approach and request a VOR or NDB approach. Report the malfunction to ATC if you do not have ADF for backup. |
42. Select the documents that are normally required to be in the airplane for flight.Airframe logbooks Proof of insurance Registration certificate Aircraft engine logbooks Airworthiness certificate |
| 43. According to regulations, the three flight instruments are required for any VFR or IFR flight are the ,indicator, and the indicator. | 44. What minimum navigation equipment is required for IFR flight?VOR/LOC receiver, transponder, and DME Nav equipment compatible with the enroute ground facilities Navigational equipment appropriate to the facilities to be used VOR receiver, ADF receiver, and an altitude encoding transponder |
| 45. Approved DME is required within the 50 states and the District of Columbia for U.S. registered civil aircraft operated at or above feet MSL. | 46. What should you do if you are operating in an area requiring DME and your DME fails?Request an altitude below FL240 and continue to your destination. Advise ATC of the failure and land at the nearest available airport where repairs can be made. Notify ATC that it will be necessary for you to receive radar vectors to your destination airport. Notify ATC of the failure and continue to your next airport of intended landing where repairs can be made. |
| 47.What aircraft equipment is required for flight under IFR?radar altimeter dual VOR system flight director system gyroscopic direction indicator |
For questions 48 through 51, match the required minimum equipment with the specified flight operation. Each flight operation may have more than one answer.48.VFR (night) 50. IFR (night)49.IFR (day) 51. Class B airspace (day) |
| 52. ELT batteries must be replaced or recharged after one cumulative hour of use or:after 3 years when the shelf life of the battery has expired after the manufacturers recommended replacement datewhen one half of the useful life of the battery has expired |
A. Position lighting and anitcollision lightsB. Flotation gear for each occupant and a pyrotechnic signaling deviceC. Slip-skid indicator, sensitive adjustable altimeter, rate-of-turn indicator, clock, attitude indicator, and heading indicator
D. Radio capable of communicating with ATC, appropriate radio navigation equipment, and a transponder with Mode C |
| 53. Aircraft position lights must be illuminated fromsunrise to sunset sunset to sunrise one hour after sunset to one hour after sunrise one hour before sunset to one hour before sunrise |
54. Supplemental oxygen must be available for each occupant of an aircraft above a cabin pressure altitude of feet MSL. |
| 55. If you fly an unpressurized aircraft above 12,500′ MSL, but at not more than 14,000′ MSL, for a period of 2 hours and 20 minutes, how long are you required to use supplemental oxygen during flight?1 hour 20 minutes 1 hour 50 minutes 2 hours 20 minutes Supplemental oxygen is not required at these altitudes |
56. Excluding the airspace at and below 2,500′ AGL, transponders with altitude encoding capability are required in controlled airspace above feet effective July 1, 1989. |
| 57. If your aircraft is equipped with an operational transponder, regulations specifically require that it must be turned on while flying within . | 58. If you need to fly through Class B airspace, how far in advance must you contact the controlling ATC facility for permission to deviate from the transponder equipment requirement?One hour before the proposed flight 8 hours before the proposed flight 24 hours before the proposed flight Aircraft without transponders are not allowed in Class B airspace areas. |
| 59. The person who is primarily responsible for maintaining an aircraft in an airworthy condition is the or .61. In order for a transponder to be used in controlled airspace, it must be inspected by a certificated repair station within the previous . | 60. IFR flight in controlled airspace is prohibited unless, within the previous 24 calendar months, the:static system has been tested and inspected. flight instruments have been tested and inspected communications radios have been tested and inspected. aircraft has received a new airworthiness certificate. |
NTSB PART 830
| 1. According to NTSB Part 830, an aircraft accident is an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft for the purpose of flight which results in:serious injury to any person or substantial damage to the aircraft. injury to any person or property, regardless of the extent involved. injury to any person or damage to the aircraft in excess of $3,000. an injury requiring hospitalization of any person or damage to the aircraft which would render it unairworthy. |
2. If an aircraft is involved in an occurrence which results in substantial damage to the aircraft but no injuries to the occupants, the nearest NTSB field office should be notified:immediately within 48 hours within 7 days within 10 days |
| 3. Of the following incidents, which would require an immediate notification to the nearest NTSB field office?In-flight fire In-flight radio failure Ground damage to the propeller blades In-flight loss of VOR receiver capability |
4. Select the situation that requires immediate notification of the nearest NTSB field office?Near miss In-flight radio failure In-flight generator or alternator failure Damage to property, other than the aircraft, estimated to exceed $25,000 |
| 5. The operator of an aircraft that has been involved in an accident is required to file a written accident report within days. | 6. The operator of an aircraft that has been involved in an incident is required to submit a report to the nearest field office of the NTSB:immediately within 48 hours within 7 days only if requested to do so |